John C. Wells
John Christopher Wells (born 11 March 1939 in Bootle, Merseyside) is a British phonetician and Esperanto teacher. Wells is a professor emeritus at University College London, where until his retirement in 2006 he held the departmental chair in phonetics.
Life
His father was originally from South Africa, and his mother was English; he has two younger brothers. After a childhood in poverty, he studied languages and taught himself Gregg Shorthand. Having learned Welsh, he was interviewed in Welsh on radio; he has a reasonable knowledge of ten different languages.[1] He was apparently approached by the Home Office to work on speaker identification, but turned down the offer as it was still considered unacceptable to be homosexual at the time and he feared that the security check would make his homosexuality public.[2]
Career
Wells earned his BA at Cambridge, and his MA and Ph.D. at London.
He is well known for his book and cassette Accents of English, the book and CD The Sounds of the IPA, Lingvistikaj Aspektoj de Esperanto, and the Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. He is the author of the most widely used English-Esperanto dictionary.
Until his retirement, Wells directed UCL's two-week phonetics summer course, focusing on practical and theoretical phonetics as well as aspects of teaching phonetics. The course ends with written and oral examinations, for which the IPA Certificate of Proficiency in the Phonetics of English is awarded.
A considerable part of Wells's research focuses on the phonetic description of varieties of English. From 2003 to 2007 he was president of the International Phonetic Association. He is also a member of the six-person Academic Advisory Committee at Linguaphone.[3]
Wells has long been a pioneer of new technology. He is the inventor of the X-SAMPA ASCII phonetic alphabet for use in computers that could not handle IPA symbols. He learnt HTML in the mid-1990s and created a webpage that compiled media references to Estuary English, a concept that he has always been sceptical of.[4] Although now retired, Wells still runs a phonetic blog that attracts comments from regular readers.
Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
Wells was appointed by Longman to write their pronunciation dictionary, the first edition of which was published in 1990. There had not been a pronunciation dictionary released in the UK since 1977, when Alfred C. Gimson published his last (14th) edition of English Pronouncing Dictionary. Wells's book had a much greater scope, including American pronunciations as well as RP pronunciations and including non-RP pronunciations widespread in Britain (such as use of a short vowel in bath, chance, last etc. and of a long vowel in book, look, etc.). The book also included transcriptions of foreign words in their native languages and local pronunciations of place-names in the English-speaking world. The book prompted the release of new pronunciation dictionaries by the Oxford and Cambridge publishers.
Esperanto
Wells was president of the World Esperanto Association (UEA) from 1989 to 1995. He is currently the president of the Esperanto Association of Britain and since 2007 has been president of the Esperanto Academy.
Work for spelling reform
Wells is currently the president of the Spelling Society. He was criticised in a speech by David Cameron for advocating tolerance of text spelling and omitted apostrophes. However, Cameron was under the misapprehension that the Spelling Society was concerned with upholding standards of spelling.[5]
Music
Wells is a member of London Gay Men's Chorus and has featured in their It Gets Better video.[6] He is also a player of the melodeon and has uploaded videos of his playing to YouTube.[7]
Works
Essays
- 1962 - A specimen of British English. In: Maître Phonétique Nr. 117, S. 2-5.
- 1967 - Specimen. Jamaican Creole. In: Maître Phonétique, Nr. 127 S. 5.
- 1968 - Nonprevocalic intrusive r in urban Hampshire. IN: Progress Report, UCL Phonetics Laboratory, S. 56-57
- 1970 - Local accents in England and Wales. In: J.Ling., Nr. 6, S. 231-252.
- 1979 - Final voicing and vowel length in Welsh. In: Phonetica'. 36.4-5, S. 344-360.
- 1980 - The brogue that isn't. In: JIPA vol. 10 (1980), S. 74-79. Can be read on-line.
- 1985 - English accents in England. In: P. Trudgill (Hrsg.): Language in the British Isles. Cambridge University Press. 55-69.
- 1985 - English pronunciation and its dictionary representation. In: R. Ilson: (Hrsg.): Dictionaries, lexicography and language learning. Oxford: Pergamon.
- 1994 - The Cockneyfication of RP?. In: G. Melchers u.a. (Hrsg.): Nonstandard Varieties of Language. Papers from the Stockholm Symposium 11-13 April 1991. 198-205. Stockholm Studies in English LXXXIV. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International.
- 1995 - New syllabic consonants in English. In: J. Windsor Lewis (Hrsg.): Studies in General and English Phonetics. Essays in honour of Prof. J.D. O'Connor. London: Routledge. ISBN 0415080681.
- 1995 - Age grading in English pronunciation preferences. In: Proceedings of ICPhS 95, Stockholm, vol. 3:696-699.
- 1996 - Why phonetic transcription is important. In: Malsori (Journal of the Phonetic Society of Korea) 31-32, S. 239-242.
- 1997 - What's happening to Received Pronunciation?. In: English Phonetics (English Phonetic Society of Japan), 1, S. 13-23.
- 1997 - Our changing pronunciation. In: Transactions of the Yorkshire Dialect Society xix, S. 42-48
- 1997 - One of three named "main technical authors" for Part IV, Spoken language reference materials. In: D. Gibbon u.a. (Hrsg.): Handbook of Standards and Resources for Spoken Language Systems. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1997.
- 1997 - Whatever happened to Received Pronunciation? In: Medina & Soto (Hrsg): II Jornadas de Estudios Ingleses, Universidad de Jaén, Spain, S. 19-28.
- 1997 - Is RP turning into Cockney?. In: M. P. Dvorzhetska, A. A. Kalita (Hrsg.): Studies in Communicative Phonetics and Foreign Language Teaching Methodology. Kyiv State Linguistic University, Ukraine, S. 10-15.
- 1999 - „Which pronunciation do you prefer?“. In: IATEFL Bd. 149, June-July 1999, "The Changing Language", S. 10-11.
- 1999 - Pronunciation preferences in British English. A new survey. In: Proc. of the 14th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, San Francisco, 1999.
- 2000 - British English pronunciation preferences. A changing scene. In: Journal of the International Phonetic Association (1999) 29 (1), S. 33-50.
- 2000 - Overcoming phonetic interference. In: English Phonetics (Journal of the English Phonetic Society of Japan), Nr. 3, S. 9-21.
- 2001 - Orthographic diacritics. In: Language Problems and Language Planning 24.3.
- 2002 - John Wells. In: K. Brown, V. Law (Hrsg.): Linguistics in Britain. Personal histories. Publications of the Philological Society, 36. Oxford: Blackwell.
- 2002 - Accents in Britain today. In: Ewa Waniek-Klimczak, Patrick J. Melia (Hrsg.): Accents and Speech in Teaching English Phonetics and Phonology. Lang, Frankfurt/M. 2002 [2003]. ISBN 3631396163, S. 9-17.
- 2003 - Phonetic research by written questionnaire. In: M. J. Solé, u.a. (Hrsg.): Proc. 15th Int. Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Barcelona, R.4.7:4
- 2003 - Phonetic symbols in word processing and on the web. In: M. J. Solé u.a. (Hrsg..): Proc. 15th Int. Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Barcelona, S.2.8:6
Monographs
- 1962 - A study of the formants of the pure vowels of British English. Unpublished MA thesis, University of London.
- 1971 - Practical Phonetics. London: Pitman. ISBN 0273439499 (with G. Colson)
- 1973 - Jamaican pronunciation in London. Publications of the Philological Society xxv. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0631147306. (Revised version of his PhD dissertation, 1971.)
- 1990 - Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Longman. (ESU Duke of Edinburgh's Prize.)
- 1993 - Hutchinson Dictionary of Difficult Words. Edited by John Ayto. Oxford: Helicon.
- 1994 - Longman Interactive English Dictionary. CD-ROM, incorporating a spoken version of the Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. ACT Multimedia/ Harlow: Longman, ISBN 0582236940.
Books
- Wells, J. C. (2000). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow, England: Pearson Education Ltd. ISBN 058236468X (casebound), 0582364671 (paperback edition).
- Wells, J. C. (1982). Accents of English (Three volumes + cassette). New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521229197.
- Wells, J. C. (1985). Geiriadur Esperanto / Kimra Vortaro. London: Grŵp Pump/Group Five. ISBN 0906632021.
External links
- J.C. Wells’s homepage: detailing academic works, professional experiences as well as personal history.
- His near-daily phonetic blog: consistently published every day of the week (except weekends) since 2006. Archives accessible at the sidebar. Pre-2008 blogs are here.
Notes
| Persondata |
| Name |
Wells, John C. |
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| Short description |
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| Date of birth |
11 March 1939 |
| Place of birth |
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| Date of death |
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| Place of death |
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